{"id":4980,"date":"2024-01-05T06:36:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-05T06:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chem.ui.ac.id\/?p=4980"},"modified":"2025-08-06T06:38:00","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T06:38:00","slug":"ui-faculty-of-mathematics-and-natural-sciences-doctorate-studies-the-effect-of-island-isolation-on-the-morphology-evolution-and-biogeography-of-chameleons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chem.ui.ac.id\/id\/ui-faculty-of-mathematics-and-natural-sciences-doctorate-studies-the-effect-of-island-isolation-on-the-morphology-evolution-and-biogeography-of-chameleons\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktor FMIPA UI Teliti Pengaruh Isolasi Pulau Terhadap Morfologi, Evolusi dan Biogeografi Bunglon"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amarasinghe Achchige Thasun sukses raih gelar Doktor Program Pascasarjana Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia (FMIPA UI). Pada sidang terbuka promosi doktor yang digelar pada Kamis, 4 Januari 2024 di Aula G.A. Siwabessy, FMIPA UI, Depok, Thasun, sapaannya menyampaikan desertasi berjudul \u201cPengaruh Isolasi Pulau Terhadap Morfologi, Evolusi, dan Biogeografi Genus Bronchocela<\/em> Kaup, 1827 (Reptilia: Agamidae) di Indonesia\u201d. Isolasi merupakan faktor utama dalam biogeografi pulau. Dalam penelitiannya, Dr. Thasun mencoba memahami fenomena tersebut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Melalui desertasinya itu ia mengungkap fenomena filogeografi kelompok bunglon dari familia Agamidae yang tersebar di Asia Tenggara, yaitu genus Bronchocela <\/em>di Kepulauan di Indonesia berbasis data morfologi (ukuran tengkorak), molekuler (DNA mitokondria dan inti), dan data evolusi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Penelitian tentang bunglon ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang dilengkapi dengan seluruh aspek morfologi eksternal, tengkorak, studi molekuler dengan banyak gen, dan pendekatan analisis evolusi dan biogeografi yang mencakup seluruh kepulauan Indonesia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunglon genus Bronchocela<\/em> diketahui mempunyai daerah persebaran yang luas, mulai dari kawasan Sunda Besar bagian Selatan hingga Papua Nugini. Variasi morfologi yang kompleks pada genus yang terfragmentasi di kepulauan Indonesia ini menyebabkan kesulitan dalam penentuan batas spesies dengan jelas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOleh karena itu, berdasarkan filogenetik molekuler, kami membuat potensial batas biogeografis dari komposisi spesies ini. Rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik dilakukan berdasarkan dua marka genetic DNA mitokondria (16s rRNA dan ND2), dengan intervensi lokus DNA inti (CMOS) menunjukkan adanya enam garis keturunan evolusi Bronchocela<\/em> di Indonesia dan dalam penelitian ini terbukti B. cristatella<\/em> yang tersebar luas sebagai spesies kompleks yang setidaknya terdiri atas tiga spesies berbeda,\u201d kata Dr. Thasun di hadapan para penguji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ia melanjutkan, estimasi struktur populasi dan aliran gen yang melintasi kawasan Sunda dan kepulauan Sunda Besar menunjukkan adanya isolasi total kecuali jika terdapat jembatan darat (land bridge<\/em>) yang menjadi penghubung kedua wilayah tersebut selama periode glasial maximum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genus Bronchocela <\/em>kosmopolit, morfologi sangat bervariasi tersebar dan terisolasi di hutan yang terfragmentasi di Kepulauan Indonesia. Variasi yang kompleks pada genus ini menyebabkan kesulitan dalam penentuan batas spesies dengan jelas. Thasun mengungkap sebanyak 520 individu spesimen koleksi museum telah diperiksa untuk diuji mengenai dampak isolasi pulau secara geografis terhadap struktur morfologi populasi. Uji statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis univariat dan multivariat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSejauh ini baru diketahui hanya empat spesies yang teridentifikasi di wilayah Indonesia, setelah dilakukannya penelitian ini setidaknya teridentifikasi menjadi enam spesies\u201d ujarnya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hasil analisis BEAST menunjukkan bahwa Bronchocela<\/em> berasal sekitar 42 juta tahun yang lalu di daratan Asia dan merupakan klade basal Bronchocela<\/em> terdiri dari B<\/em>. burmana<\/em> yang taksa leluhurnya sebagian besar terbatas di Semenanjung Malaya. Hasil analisis kredibilitas klade maksimum (MCC) menunjukkan bahwa genus Bronchocela<\/em> berevolusi pada awal Miosen (~18,7 juta tahun lalu) dan memulai spesiasi cepat pada akhir Miosen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dari penelitian ini juga menunjukkan pulau-pulau yang lebih besar mendukung kehidupan bunglon yang berukuran besar dibandingkan dengan pulau-pulau yang lebih kecil (fenomena dwarfisme pulau) dan sejalan dengan teori isolasi pulau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keberhasilan Thasun dalam menempuh pendidikan dan penelitian program studi Doktor ini, tak lepas dari bimbingan Prof. Jatna Supriatna, M.Sc., Ph.D. selaku promotor serta Prof. Dr. Abinawanto, M.Si. dan Dr. Noviar Andayani, M.Sc. selaku Ko-promotor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prof. Jatna Supriatna, M.Sc., Ph.D. menjelaskan bahwa Indonesia merupakan negara dengan kekayaan biodiversitas yang sangat besar, baik yang ada di daratan maupun di lautan. Kondisi tersebut tentunya didukung oleh posisi geografi Indonesia yang terdiri atas kepulauan dengan karakteristik yang bervariasi dan unik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Studi ini, kata Prof. Jatna menunjukkan bagaimana isolasi pulau mempengaruhi morfologi eksternal dan internal suatu populasi, susunan genetik, adaptasi biogeografis seperti variasi ukuran tubuh, dan akhirnya evolusi dan keanekaragaman menjadi spesies yang terpisah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKarena spesies ini merupakan spesialis habitat, maka spesies ini merupakan spesies bioindikator yang sangat potensial untuk penilaian kualitas hutan. Penelitian ini, sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa perubahan iklim Pliosen dapat berdampak besar pada diversifikasi spesies dan demografi spesies-spesies hutan di kepulauan Republik Indonesia,\u201d ujar Prof. Jatna\u201d ujar Prof. Jatna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turut hadir dalam sidang terbuka promosi doktor ini, Duta Besar Sri Lanka untuk Indonesia Admiral Prof. Jayanath Colombage, Wakil Dekan Bidang Pendidikan, Penelitian, dan Kemahasiswaan FMIPA UI Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Budiawan, Wakil Dekan Bidang Sumber Daya, Ventura, dan Administrasi Umum FMIPA UI Dr. Tito Latif Indra, M.Si, serta Direktur Pencegahan dan Pengamanan Hutan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Dr. Ir. Sustyo Iriyono, M.Si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tentang Dr. Amarasinghe Achchige Thasun<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr. Thasun sebelumnya adalah Warga Negara Republik Sosialis Demokratik Sri Lanka. Ia lahir pada 22 November 1984 di Colombo, Sri Lanka. Ia pertama kali datang ke Indonesia pada tahun 2010 untuk menghadiri ATBC symposium yang digelar UI dan LIPI di Bali. Ia kemudian bergabung dalam program ATBC field course 2010, dan mulai melakukan penelitian di Taman Nasional Alaspurwo, Taman Nasional Baluran, Taman Nasional Rinjani, dan Kebun Raya Bedugul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dalam kegiatan itu, Dr. Thasun untuk pertama kalinya bertemu dengan Niki Kurniawati yang juga peserta pada kegiatan field course tersebut. Niki merupakan lulusan program studi Biologi FMIPA UI. Keduanya kemudian menikah pada tahun 2016. Di tahun yang sama Dr. Thasun resmi berpindah kewarganegaraan menjadi Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ia memilih menempuh pendidikan Program Pascasarjana Biologi di FMIPA UI, karena motivasinya yang tinggi untuk memahami lebih dalam tentang biogeografi, dan evolusi hewan di Indonesia. Terlebih, kata Dr. Thasun, Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, tak jauh berbeda dengan keanekaragaman pada hotspot Western Ghats di Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ia mengungkapkan keinginannya untuk menyebarluaskan pengetahuan dan pengalaman penelitian yang dimilikinya kepada masyarakat khususnya pelajar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAmbisi terdalam saya yaitu dapat menyebarkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman yang saya miliki kepada generasi mahasiswa selanjutnya serta mempersiapkan mereka untuk dapat memiliki keahlian dengan standard Internasional,\u201d kata Dr. Thasun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sebagai WNI, ia berkomitmen untuk mengabdi kepada negara Indonesia untuk melanjutkan dan mengembangkan penelitian di bidangnya, sebagai wujud kontribusinya dalam menjaga keanekaragaman hayati di Indonesia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Amarasinghe Achchige Thasun successfully earned a doctorate in the Postgraduate Program in Biology from the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia (FMIPA UI). At the open doctoral promotion session held on Thursday, January 4, 2024, at the G.A. Siwabessy Hall, FMIPA UI, Depok, Thasun, as he is known, delivered a dissertation entitled […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":4983,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nUI Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Doctorate Studies the Effect of Island Isolation on the Morphology, Evolution, and Biogeography of Chameleons - Departement of Chemistry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chem.ui.ac.id\/id\/ui-faculty-of-mathematics-and-natural-sciences-doctorate-studies-the-effect-of-island-isolation-on-the-morphology-evolution-and-biogeography-of-chameleons\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"UI Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Doctorate Studies the Effect of Island Isolation on the Morphology, Evolution, and Biogeography of Chameleons - Departement of Chemistry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Amarasinghe Achchige Thasun successfully earned a doctorate in the Postgraduate Program in Biology from the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia (FMIPA UI). 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